آموزش روش تعامل همه جانبه (بخش هشتم)

روابط عمومی انجمن اتیسم اصفهان خبر از برگزاری همایش ورزشی گرامیداشت روز جهانی معلولین داد.
به گفته خانم صادقی آیین گرامیداشت روز جهانی معلول در اصفهان با «همایش ورزشی افراد دارای معلولیت» به همت اداره کل بهزیستی استان اصفهان و مشارکت معاونت ورزشی سازمان فرهنگی اجتماعی ورزشی شهرداری و هیئت های ورزشی و سمن های فعال در حوزه معلولین، در رشته های دارت،گل کوچک،طناب کشی،و یلچررانی وبوچیا در میدان تاریخی امام برگزار شد. ودر پایان با اهدا جوایز به نفرات برگزیده به پایان رسید.
به گفته خانم صادقی جلسات مشاوره حقوقی ویژه خانواده های توانخواهان اتیسم و درمانگران متقاضی بصورت رایگان، با حضور خانم محسنی وکیل پایه یک دادگستری هر دو هفته یکبار در محل دفتر انجمن اتیسم صورت می پذیرد.
چرا کار گروهی و حضور در مراکز برای بهبود شرایط کودکان اوتیسم لازم است:
دلایل استفاده از کار گروهی را به طور خلاصه می توان چنین برشمرد:
۱.بیشتر یادگیری های اجتماعی در گروه ها صورت می گیرد بنابراین کارگروهی محیط مناسبی را برای این منظور فراهم میکند.
بازی تخیلی است
بازی برخی اوقات شامل درجاتی از حذف ذهنی بلافاصله خود از دنیای واقعی موجود است. این مشخصه ای است که هویزینگا (۱۹۵۵) با تأکید بر این که بازی موتور محرک ابتکارات فرهنگی است ، بسیار تأکید کرد. این مشخصه همچنین به شدت مورد تأکید محققانی است که بر نقش بازی در رشد خلاقیت و توانایی تفکر به روشهایی فراتر از حد کنونی در اینجا و اکنون توجه دارند. همانطور که ویگوتسکی (۱۹۷۸) اشاره کرد ، ماهیت تخیلی بازی ، به تعبیری ، جنبه تلنگر ماهیت قاعده محور بازی است. تا حدی که بازی در یک دنیای خیالی اتفاق می افتد ، عملکرد بازیکنان باید به جای قوانین طبیعی یا غرایز تکانشی ، براساس قوانینی باشد که در ذهن بازیکنان است.
شما طی یک ساعت بازی با کودک میتوانید اطلاعاتی را به دست آورید که شاید طی یک سال صحبت نتوانید بدست آورید.
فعالیت های که حس المسه کودک را مورد هدف قرار می دهند می توانند شامل موارد زیر باشند:
مالش پوست با لوسیون یا حوله
دمیدن در بادکنک یا حباب
پروژه های هنری که کودک مواد مختلف را لمس می کند.
ترکاندن حباب های پالستیکی
آب بازی
ژست بزن قدش
غوطه ور کردن دست در تشت برنج یا لوبیا
شن بازی
کشیدن اشکال یا حروف پشت بدن
نوشیدن با نی
پریدن روی تشک نرم بزرگ
فشردن توپ های نرم
دمیدن در سوت
استفاده از رنگ انگشتی
استفاده ازچسب های درخشان
ساندویج شدن داخل پتو
نشستن روبروی کودک و فشردن کف پاها به سمت همدیگر
ساخت اشکال مختلف با خمیر
فعالیت هایی که حس شنیداری کودک را مورد هدف قرار می دهند شامل موارد زیر می باشند:
گوش دادن به موسیقی مورد عالقه
گوش دادن به صدای طبیعت
ضربه زدن به طبل یا قابلمه
نواختن ابزار آالت موسیقی
آواز خواندن
نجوا کردن در گوش با بازی
تشخیص صداها با بازی
ضربه زدن به میز با انگشت
گوش دادن به صداهای ضبط شده به صورت هدفمند
راه رفتن روی کاغذ مچاله شده یا لیوان یکبار مصرف
شنیدن صدای حیوانات مختلف و تشخیص حیوان مورد نظر، و یا در آوردن صدای
آن ها با دیدن تصویرشان
فعالیت هایی که حس بینایی کودک را مورد هدف قرار می دهنند شامل موارد زیر می باشند:
پوشیدن لباس های رنگی
بازی با مازها
نگاه کردن به کارت تصاویر
بازی دارت
نقاشی کشیدن
بازی قایم باشک با چراغ قوه
بازی وصل کردن نقاط به هم
فعالیت هایی که حس بویایی و چشایی کودک را درگیر می کنند می توانند شامل موارد زیر می باشند:
بو کردن گل ها
بازی بوییدن با چشم بسته
استفاده از عطرهایی مورد عالقه کودک برای لباس ها و وسایلش
خوردن غذاهای سرد گرم یخ زده
درست کردن حباب
مکیدن مایعات غلیظ با نی
بازی چشیدن با چشم بسته
بازی تشخیص مکان بو
رژیم های دیگر برای اختالل یکپارچگی حسی:
رژیم free-Casein/free-Gluten یا GFCF :شامل حذف گندم و فراورده های لبنی از برنامه غذایی کودک می باشد.
رژیم Ketogenic:شامل مصرف باالی چربی، و مصرف کم کربوهیدرات ها می باشد.این رژیم باعث بهبود شرایط کودکان به تشنج می گردد.
رژیم Feingold:در این رژیم ،سیالیست ها و سایر مواد مصنوعی، از برنامه غذایی حذف می شوند.این رژیم برای مقابله با بیش فعالی ،طراحی شده است.
رژیم Paleo مدرن:این رژیم بسیاری از پرهیزهای غذایی که در سایر رژیم های مرتبط با رفتار رعایت می شوند، را شامل می شود. ترک حبوبات ،فراورده های مصنوعی ،لبنیات ،کربوهیدرات ها و شکر ،در دستور کار آن قرار دارند.
بخش دوم آموزش تعاملات کودک در محیط اجتماعی:
۱.هنگام قدم زدن میتوانید چیزهای زیادی را به کودک آموزش دهید.وقت بگذارید کودک خود را به پیاده روی های کوتاه هفتگی ببرید.در ابتدا او را تشویق کنید تا از مانع ها پایین بیاید بپرد و ..
اول پنس را بین دو انگشت شصت و اشاره کودک قرار می دهیم و انگشتان خود را پشت دو انگشت کودک می گذاریم. همزمان با کودک به آرامی انگشت خود را روی انگشت کودک فشار می دهید تا عمل بسته شدن پنس انجام پذیرد. بعد به آرامی فشار را کم کرده تا کودک متوجه باز شدن پنس گردد. چندین بار این مرحله را تکرار می کینم.
جهت دریافت کامل آموزش فایل زیر را دانلود نمایید
کند و بریده بریده خواندن در حین خواندن خط را گم میکند توالی کلمات را رعایت نمی کند فعل های آخر جمله را به خودش نسبت می دهد در خواندن نقاط را بالا و پایین استنباط میکند آیینه خانی یا وارونه خوانی دارند مطلبی را که میخواند متوجه نمیشوند چه می خوانند و هیچ درک و فهمی ندارند مشکلات گفتاری دارند کلمات را در خواندن با فاصله می خوانند یعنی انگار درست نمی خوانند درمان وقتی والدین میگویند
راهبردهای حرکتی ظریف: کاردرمانگران عالوه بر این که مشکالت حسی کودک را مورد هدف قرار می دهند، در جهت بهبود مهارت های حرکتی ظریف او نیز تالش می کنند. حرکات ظریف ،حرکاتی می باشند که دقیق
و ریز بوده و نیازمند هماهنگی و کنترل می باشند- نوشتن ،بریدن،برداشت اشیا کوچک – مثال های از حرکات ظریف هستند. در مقابل آن حرکات درشت، حرکاتی هستند که هماهنگی چندین عضو بدن را شامل می شوند
جهت خواندن ادامه محتوا فایل زیر را دانلود کنید
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